Consequently, Holden tries to punch him, but Stradlater wrestles him to the ground and puts his knees on his chest. Though it is well-known that they comprise the false-friends of translators and the mistakes in their translation are frequent. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Catcher in the Rye! The wider is the semantic volume of a word, the wider is its combinability, thus due to this feature it can interact with various word forms and word combinations. He doesn't say yes directly because he doesn't want to write it for him. The characters can only become happy if they isolate themselves from this society. Both false friends and false cognates can cause difficulty for students learning a foreign language, particularly one that is related to their native language, because students are likely to identify the words wrongly, because of linguistic interference. The second chapter contains practical information from the book written by the writer that represent this period J. D. Salinger with his best-known novel The Catcher in the Rye. . All these meanings of this word could be seen in the third chapter in the example dirty hell in English that is translated into Romanian as ngrozitor de murdare that point out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word in his novel but and the secondary meanings of the word. The purpose of metaphor is to liven up the text, make it more colorful, dramatic and witty - that is, metaphor carries out an emotive function. It exist a thin line between seriousness and humour. For most of the book, he sounds like a grumpy old man who is angry at the world, but his search for the ducks represents the curiosity of youth and a joyful willingness to encounter the mysteries of the world. Modernism as a literary movement is seen, in large part, as a reaction to the emergence of city life as a central force in society. Question 3 60 seconds Q. I mean not wait till Wednesday or anything. Lexical peculiarities that characterise this novel and the style of the author are Themes, Motifs and Symbols which are one of the major and that could be easily identified in the novel The Catcher in the Ray by J. D. Salinger. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. It should be mention that this research work represents a great theoretical value for those willing to take up their future carrier in the field of translations as invaluable reference to the methods and the ways of translation of literary masterpieces. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions,. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? He does not want to grow up and become phony like all the adults. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it . So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. The Modernist period is a time of the late XIXth and XXth centuries that was marked by the work of the great writer that activated during this period. Another epithet that was used by the author in his novel is hardly ever listened (J. D. Salinger: 6) This is a reserved epithet because it is composed of two words linked by a preposition and it was chosen in order to point out to the reader that speech of old Spenser was not a clear one and not understandable one for the listener. The theme of the painfulness of growing up is very important in the book. But lying to others is also a kind of phoniness, a type of deception that indicates insensitivity, callousness, or even cruelty. He used to be just a regular writer, when he was home. New York Times Book Review 15 July 1951, 5. And sometimes some mistakes (losses), as well as some gains, are more visible by comparing two or more translations of the same ST. Ionescus translation may have been considered too far-fetched and direct, but this can be explained as the translators desire to make the main character more authentic and closer to the typical Romanian teenager. The incident involving the composition about Allie's baseball glove and the fight with Stradlater is intended to establish that Holden has a talent for writing--but only when he feels like writing and only when he can choose the topic. Salinger. (2019, Mar 02). To respect, whenever possible, all the syntax and lexical repetitions, shoot the bull = telling lies, small talk. This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. As he watches Phoebe sleep, Holden projects his own idealizations of childhood onto her. Dont have an account? The writings of the Salinger become very important for this time period, because he goes against the grain of society to show how it is wrong. Inter-lingual translation or translation proper (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language). Experience, he asserts, is largely determined by the language habits of the community, and each separate structure represents a separate reality: No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. What did holden write stadlater's composition about in The Catcher in the Rye? . The unexpectedness of word usage is closely connected with expressiveness of the statement. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. Finally, the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. cite it. We can see that it were negative comments, hard criticsMany critics told that there wasnt any novel that went into the adolescence as this Salingers work. This is what Newmark calls "service translation.". He ran a tired hand through his hair.The word tired logically is linked with he, syntactically with hand. Who is Phoebe? It occurs in Chapter 22, after Holden has slipped quietly back into his apartment and is speaking with Phoebe. Gradation of epithets, that is a sequence of synonymous epithets, is constructed on a different basis in English and in Romanian. his brevity, conciseness and concentration of style; his attentiveness to details and to exact dates and facts; his constant reference to parts of the human body; his leitmotif of the letter or note; his constant way of picturing certain female characters painting their nails or toenail or the recurrent motif of a man holding a childs feet; his constant references to colors and the symbolism within colors; his penchant for coining new words or changing different parts of speech into others; his inclination of dealing with psychological problems in his fiction; his tendency to use the pattern of sequencesequence in his characters namesin his themes, etc. Holden has just left his parents' apartment, following his conversation with Phoebe, and he is reaching a point of critical instability, is having just burst into tears when Phoebe lent him her Christmas money. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. In its broad meaning, the term impliestransmutationand can be illustrated by decoding some ideas and themes expressed, for example, in a poem through the language of music or dance. One problem which will arise in translation is the translating of the third-person pronoun from Persian as a source text- into English as a target text. You'll also receive an email with the link. ?>. (Chapter 7, pg. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels.He does not connect with the people around him, but dwells on people who are memories, like Allie and Jane Gallagher. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960s. The examples for this type of translation difficulties could be seen from the first page of the novel where the author uses all the meanings of the word hell such as: This word is one of the first words that is used with a lot of meanings and that is one of the type of translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye. Read more about relationships, intimacy, and sexuality as a motif. Id just be the catcher in the rye and all(Salinger 98). The conclusion is that although such cases of suppression or censure of the ST are not desirable or should never happen, in reality they do exist (and this chapter has offered some examples in point), but the fact that more and more people take interest in such situations may indicate that they may stop occurring in the future. However, Holden Caulfield and Asher. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. Nevertheless such cases are not always losses in translation. "What did Holden decide to write about in Stradlater's composition in The Catcher in the Rye?" For example, Holden's use of qualifiers such as "if you want to know the truth," "I know what I'm talking about," or "I'm not kidding" serve to emphasize how unsure Holden is of what he's saying or how well he'll be received. One must remember, however, in the study and critique of the novel, particularly for a researcher or critic in 1996 that the story was written in a different time. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997; http://www.digischool.nl/ckv1/literatuur/salinger/salinger1.htm. Another very important conclusion reached is that translations and retranslations are countrys literary system. In The Catcher in the Rye, how does Holden describe his mother? We are lucky to present you. Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. Observe the cat is scratching right now." The only instances that create problems for the translator are the stable, recurrent lexical idioms that for their metaphorical meaning do not rely only on the readers logic at the moment of reading but also, and above all, on the value that such a metaphor has assumed in the history of the language under discussion. my first topic sentence isabout emotional feelings towards Allie but i don't knw what can i pick for the 2 nd topic sentence. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. Through his lying and deception, Holden proves that he is just as guilty of phoniness as the people he criticizes. . False friends (or faux amis) are pairs of words in two languages or dialects (or letters in two alphabets) that look or sound similar, but differ in meaning. Idiomatic and fixed expressions have individual collocational patterns. Essay. For example attempts to justify a theft usually explain the motives (e.g., to feed a starving family). I have a feeling that you're riding for some kind of terrible, terrible fall. The conclusion is that the Romanian translation played an innovatory role and an influential one in the literary system of the native country by breaking the norms of the TL, in order to render the stylistic qualities of the ST, and by introducing the use of slang language into Romanian, as a new and alternative means of expression. This is the first time we learn who the true Holden Caulfield is and therefore is the most illuminating moment in The Catcher In the Rye. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. The second type of difficulty is distinguishing between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. While arguments attempt to show that something is, will be, or should be the case, explanations try to show why or how something is or will be. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Associated with the noun following it, pointing out to a feature which is essential to the object they describe; Unassimilated with the noun, epithets that add a feature which is unexpected and which strike the reader. American Literature books summary. The whole arrangements designed for men who, at some time or other in their lives, were looking for something their own environment couldn't supply them with. Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. Holden watches from the hill because he doesn't want to go down and see the students. In this graduation paper there are given such methods of investigation: The goal of this paper is to discover the lexical peculiarities and difficulties in translation from English into Romanian. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. When Holden is writing a composition about a baseball glove for Stradlater, he reminisces about his little brother, Allie, who dies because of his sickness in which was leukemia. Or if they just flew away. Already a member? Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria: He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. He has a cynical, oversimplified view of other people, and a large part of his fantasy world is based on the idea that children are simple and innocent while adults are superficial and hypocritical. How did Holden know Stradlater's date, Jane Gallagher? There are two cases in which an idiom can be easily misinterpreted if one is not already familiar with it: Apart from being alert to the way speakers and writers manipulate certain features of idioms and to the possible confusion which could arise from similarities in form between source and target expressions, a translator must also consider the collocational environment which surrounds any expression whose meaning is not readily accessible. The mitt is representive of all these things. In the same way that the surgeon, operating on the heart, cannot neglect the body that surrounds it, so the translator treats the text in isolation from the culture at his peril. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in, a world where everything is simple, understandable, and indefinite. He shows that these symbols will change their lives for the better. As Phoebe points out, Holden has misheard the lyric. When his parents return home, Holden slips out and visits his former and much-admired English teacher, Mr. Antolini, who expresses concern that Holden is headed for "a terrible fall". $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. The quote also shows his viepoint on all adults. Holden clearly still feels Allies loss strongly. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. An opaque expression may be easier to translate than a transparent one. Latest answer posted April 29, 2021 at 3:04:20 PM. Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our institutes at the university of san diego near old town above mission bay, ap english literature and composition course description from the college board ap free response open question discussion the catcher in the rye discussion august 16 And finally, it can be said that Salinger didnt assume the fame as well as other authors and hes actually out of the literary world. .of becoming dangerously convoluted and static, Lodge implicitly challenges critics to revisit and reassess Salingers body of work. In this chapter also would be tried to present and analyze certain passages from the Romanian versions of The Catcher in order to draw attention to certain problems that may occur in translation, especially when different cultures are involved. She was the daughter of his mother's best friend. Life is a game, boy. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. .(J. D. Salinger: p. 18) with the translation into Romanian like Ackley, pu?iule? Why wouldn't Holden be back to Pencey after Christmas vacation? . While most of Holden's confusion stems from what he interprets as a homosexual come-on from Mr. Antolini, some of it stems from the conversation they have. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. From the investigated material can be concluded that in the well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye by Salinger can be single out the important features of the translation difficulties which are in a great number in this novel. Several years before, Allie died of leukemia. One of the fist stylistic devices that were used by the author in his novel The Cather in the Ray is characters speech. Such statements may help us understand why the person committed the crime, however an uncritical listener may believe the speaker is trying to gain sympathy for the person and his or her actions. His random and repeated lying highlights his own self-deceptionhe refuses to acknowledge his own shortcomings and is unwilling to consider how his behavior affects those around him. Holden believes that every adult is phony and his goal to keep everyone from growing up and becoming phony. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Distinguishing between various meanings of a word of general vocabulary. It troubles him that he has changed each time he returns, while the museum's displays remain completely the same. If we talk about the language at Catcher in the Rye, we can say that the author uses a simple writing, with several interjections and qualifier adjectives; the tone of this novel is colloquial and full of teenagers expressions (it is written in a monologue and in lively slang; its also important the chronolect). This chapter will point out the activity of one of the main representative of the 20th century J.D.Salinser and critics about one of the well-known writing of this writer The Catcher in the Rye. For identification of the translation difficulties and all the types that are presented in the novel are taken two parts of Salingers The Catcher in the Rye one in English and one in Romanian for better understanding of the basic elements of the investigation. ), and "cultural untranslatability," (idioms, sayings, proverbs, jokes, puns, etc.). Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. Holden is dealing with the loss of his brother, the fact that he his still a child on his way to adulthood and some serious emotions. The following problem which demands careful consideration in lexical transformations of translation is problem of word combinability. Salinger a very controversial writer, for the subject matters that he writes. This type contain two subtypes and one of these subtypes is Interjections and Exclamatory words which are words that that we use when we express our feelings strongly and which may be said to exist in language as conventional symbols of human emotions. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. Its a symbol of uniqueness and individuality as well. Those are the statements given to us by the Declaration of Independence. It is clear in the early chapters,. So we take on the following tasks: It would be necessary to transfer the original American jargon into target language expressions. Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. He and his friend Mal Brossard decide to take a bus into Agerstown to see a moviethough Holden hates moviesand Holden convinces Mal to let Ackley go with them. Peculiar use of set expressions (clichs, proverbs. It is obvious from the start that Holden uses the hat as a mark of individuality and independence. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let go of his past nor of innocence. Holden decides to write about his dead brother's baseball glove because he is deeply depressed about his death and has not come to terms with his grief over the loss of his brother. Justification is the reason why someone properly holds abelief, the explanation as to why the belief is a true one, or an account of how one knows what one knows. Focused on some of Holdens linguistic repetitions and their importance, as well as on Salingers humor and comic effects and their renditions in the two versions. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Salinger is not only a deeply national, original writer but also a modern writer. In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. similarities between behaviorism and social cognitive theory; . He is angry at life for being so unfair. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects.
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